Mcallen international bridge
Indice
Smuggled migrants are vulnerable to exploitation and abuse and their lives and safety are often at risk: they can suffocate inside containers, perish in the desert or drown at sea while being driven by smugglers who profit from a trade in which migrants become commodities. Because it is a clandestine crime, global value figures are difficult to determine with precision. However, based on two of the main smuggling routes: from East, North and West Africa to Europe and from South America to North America, it is estimated that this crime generates around US$ 6.75 billion annually for criminals operating in these regions alone [1]. However, that figure is presumably much higher at the global level.
Migrant smugglers are becoming increasingly organized and establishing professional networks that transcend borders and regions. As with other forms of organized crime, groups involved in this criminal activity have expanded their operations by changing routes in an attempt to expand into other markets and evade state repression. Some groups have merged or established cooperative relationships, expanding their geographic scope and the range of their criminal activities. For some criminal groups, migrants are simply another illicit trafficking product, along with drugs and firearms, and because migrant smuggling is a highly profitable business with a relatively low risk of detection, this criminal activity is attractive to criminals.
In what conditions do migrants travel
This is understood as the security of people in their daily lives, which is achieved not through the military defense of a country’s borders, but by achieving full respect for their human rights, guaranteeing their personal development, the satisfaction of their basic needs and their participation in the community in a free and safe manner.
In this context, human security means protecting fundamental freedoms, those that are the essence of life. It means protecting people from critical situations and threats. Using processes that build on people’s strengths and aspirations. It means creating political, social, environmental, economic and cultural systems that together provide people with the foundations for survival, livelihood and dignity, in particular, full respect in the exercise of their human rights.
International bridge Paso del
The access points to the La Bestia route from the southern border of Mexico were Tenosique (Tabasco) and Ciudad Hidalgo (Chiapas), but in 2005 Hurricane Stan destroyed the tracks, and since then the 275-kilometer journey to the city of Arriaga, in the state of Chiapas, must be made on foot. They finish their journey in Tamaulipas, Sonora or Baja California.
The beast is one of the most viable options in the eyes of the migrants, mainly because it is “free” and because it allows them to avoid 48 Mexican detention centers and numerous immigration checkpoints; however, the risks are very high.
Because access to Mexico’s southern border is so difficult, migrants choose to risk their lives by taking truly dangerous and fraudulent routes and means of transportation that can leave them at the mercy of human trafficking and other dangers.
A lucrative business for drug traffickers (especially the Zetas) is a migrant kidnapping; they can get as much as $2,500 for each victim. Between April and September 2010, Mexico’s National Human Rights Commission cited 214 mass kidnappings involving 11,333 people. And those are just the reported kidnappings; a separate report by the National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) reported that, “Mexico is experiencing a hidden epidemic of kidnappings, most of the most serious abuses occurring in states crossed by freight trains on the main routes used by migrants, such as Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz and Tamaulipas.
Migration from mexico to the united states of america
The United States is home to the largest Spanish-speaking immigrant community in the world. The Mexican community is the largest of all those residing in the country and the largest Mexican diaspora in the world. The presence of Mexicans in California, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada and Colorado is noteworthy. There are also large Mexican communities in Florida, Georgia, Illinois, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Idaho, Ohio and Washington.
The movement of Mexican migrants to the United States is essentially a labor phenomenon driven by the interaction of factors operating on both sides of the border, where factors associated with the demand for Mexican workers in the United States are as important as those on the supply side. At the same time, the operation of complex social and family networks has contributed to the fact that important segments of the Mexican labor force respond quickly to information and opportunities originating in the United States, creating a de facto labor market that transcends national borders. According to CONAPO, the main causes that motivate Mexican migration to the United States are labor supply with factors linked to labor supply-expulsion, business and educational supply with factors associated with demand-attraction, and social and tourist supply with social factors that link immigrants to family, friends, and communities of origin and destination. In addition, there is a minority of about 170,000 descendants of indigenous people,[2] both from the United States and Mexico.[3] The number of indigenous people in the U.S. is estimated to be around 170,000.